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Claimed as extreme cold-hardy to -50 deg. F (ca -42 C.) red wine grape cultivar developed from Fredonia x Wild Montana (V.riparia) cross at South Dakota State University. Requiring a dry climate it is very susceptible to the mildew diseases. Unusual extreme cold tolerant cultivar in that it is capable of low acids (<1%) and high sugars (up to 20%). Daylight sensitive, it commonly goes dormant around September 1st. Currently grown in Minnesota, S. Dakota and in some other US and Canadian midwest regions including Manitoba, Canada where it reportedly needed no winter protection. Mostly used in blends, but can make agreeable jelly and is recommended by some as a (small berry) tablegrape. Listed as ripening about three weeks before Concord.
Pronounced 'VAL van-MUSS cat'. Has synonym name NY 62.0122.01. Listed as a mid-season ripening wine grape suitable for creating distinctively Muscat-flavored white wine useful as a varietal or for blending. Recently released (2006) from the NYS Agricultural Station, Geneva NY, it was derived in 1962 from a Muscat du Moulin x Muscat Ottonel cross. Well suited to cool climates such as the N.E. USA, it needs controls against disease and only grown on suitable rootstocks. Winter hardy to -14 deg. F. Fruit should be picked when its Muscat flavors have peaked. No other details as yet.
Very early ripening, hardy American Labruscana (Fredonia x Worden) seeded table cultivar developed and released in 1935 by the Geneva, N.Y. Agricultural Station. Has characteristics similar to the Worden variety. Susceptible to fungus diseases like Downy Mildew and problems with split-skin etc.
a South African brandy-based liqueur which is flavored with naartjies (tangerine-like orange variety), nutmeg and other spices.
Popular name for the promising Cliche 8414 variety derived from a Vandal 64 x Vandal 163 1984 cross by a private breeder resident in Quebec, Canada. No other details as yet other than it is a cold-climate hardy cultivar whose fruit has been used to successfully create a white wine and is currently (1999) undergoing field trial in Upper Canada.
Moderately cold hardy, to -20 deg. F (-29 C), early ripening hybrid cultivar released by Vineland, Ontario, Canada, Research Station that generally buds in late May. Is the result from crossing Seneca x NY 45910, the latter cultivar descended from the Bath and Interlaken varieties. Fruity, sweet-tasting berries resistant to cracking in wet conditions. Very disease resistant, ripening about 4-5 weeks before Concord. Very vigorous when first planted but growth slows down eventually with suitable pruning.
Experimental French-American hybrid developed at the Vineland Horticultural Research Institute of Ontario, Canada in 1961 from a 1953 cross between the Cascade and a Seyve-Villard hybrid cultivar.
Cold hardy to -25 deg. F. (ca -32 C.) American hybrid developed in 1974 by the Ontario Horticultural Research Institute of Canada. Is a cross between the Elvira V. Riparia variety and Chelois. Has improved resistance to fruit cracking. Recommended as suitable for making crisp labrusca-flavored wine, or juice production. Ripens late September, with berries that are high in sugar and acid content if left past maturity. The vine has some susceptibility to tomato ringspot virus and requires grafting if grown on virus-infected sites. Currently grown in Canada, S. Dakota and other mid-west U.S. states.
Reported as an Alden x NY 46000 cross. Vigorous seedless hybrid variety, cold hardy to about -15 deg. F (-26 C). Released by the University of Arkansas. Generally buds in late May and ripens around mid-to-late September in New York. The cultivar gives large berries, in well-filled medium clusters, with a distinctive 'muscat and spice' flavor profile. Not always completely seedless. Has susceptibility to rot in wet/humid conditions because of packed berries in the bunch when ripe. This blue-black skinned grape was developed for use in the middle band or south-central states of the U.S.A. Recommended for tablegrape and grapejuice production.
Has several synonym names including Verdejo Palido. White-wine producing variety extensively planted in the Rueda region of Spain. The varieties Verdelho and Gouveio grown extensively in Portugal appear to be the same variety. With modern methods it can make good wines capable of ageing well in barrel.
Has synonym name Seibel 9110. Mainly planted in the Finger Lakes region of Western New York state and in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario and Okanagan, B.C. regions of Canada. Suitable for eating as a table grape as well as for making white wine. Cold hardiness is not as good as that of competing varieties. Usually ripens around mid-October.
Has synonym name Gouveio. Variety most associated with Madeira is also found fairly widely grown in Portugal and Australia. Mainly used to produce medium-sweet white wines. Thought to have a clonal relationship with the Verdejo variety of Spain and Verdello variety of Italy (below). No other details as yet.
White-wine producer variety grown in central Italy. Known to be an ingredient in the best Orvieto Classico wine blends of Umbria. Has synonym name of Breval. May be a clone of the Spanish Verdelho variety, imported around the 15th century.
(Pronounced 'ver-DEE-kyo'). Has synonym name of Verdeca. White-wine producing variety grown in the Italian provinces of Apulia, for use in a local dry, fruity blend to accompany fish dishes, and Campania, for use in the popular Neapolitan blend 'Lachryma Christi del Vesuvio' along with three others, the Coda di Volpe, Falanghina and Greco di Bianca grapewines.
Rare native grape grown and used for making light white, sparkling wines and blends - (eg. with Prosecco grapewine) - in the Fruili-Venezia-Giulia region of Italy.
Ancient indigenous grape variety found in the N.E. regions of Italy. Used to produce popular sweet, sparkling and also light, dry white wines with fragrant aroma for youthful drinking accompaniment to desserts (former style) or, with the latter style, fish-based dishes.
Vigorous, moderately productive and marginally hardy old-line nineteenth century American V. labrusca variety once widely grown in New York. Has Dracut O.P (Amber) variety listed in USDA database (above) as pedigree parent, although Hedrick (in 'Grapes of New York', 1912) lists it as a chance seedling found in Vermont around 1874. Ripens about 2 weeks after Concord to give light-dark red skinned fruit noted for its late-keeping and shipping abilities into January. No other details as yet other than the vine appears to have gross characteristics similar to the Lutie variety.
Reported by some to be identical to the Rolle vinifera variety. Also has at least 20 other synonym names according to the Geilweilerhof Database (above). This named grape is famously grown on the terraced vineyards of the Liguria (Riviera) coastline Cinque Terre DOC region of Italy. Also widely grown in northern Sardinia and in Corsica. It is usually used to produce full-bodied, aromatic varietal, or blended, dry white wines that go well with sea-food. Also found in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France, Spain, Greece, E. Europe and Australia. Best when young.
an aperitif wine derived from grapes.
Minor grape of ancient origin grown in Tuscany region of Italy. Traditionally produces dry, lean white wines that soften after two or more years bottle ageing. Also used to create sweet golden white wines.
(No information at present on this red-wine grape grown in Greece).
Minor grape found in the Piedmont region of Italy. Also known as Ughetta. Used to produce a red wine blend with Nebbiolo grape wine.
Popular late-season (around mid-late September) maturing french-american hybrid white-wine creating variety producing large clusters with fruity, floral flavors and good balance. Requires sites with long growing season and is moderately cold-resistant to -5 deg. F. (ca -20 C.). Needs grafting (eg. 'SO4' rootstock) for extra vigor when used in certain soil conditions and is reportedly susceptible to leaf burn from copper-containing sprays. Derived from an Ugni Blanc x Rayon d'Or cross, it usually needs cluster thinning to achieve superior results. Made in a variety of styles - (i.e: Dry to sweet including late-harvest dessert style and ice wines). Cool region grapes vinified in a Rhine/Mosel manner are said to have a Riesling-like character.
(No other details as yet other than this variety is grown in the Nus district of the Valle d'Aosta region of Italy and used to create a dry red wine.)
Native variety grown on the Canary Islands.
White-wine grape widely grown on the island of Crete and mainly used to create a dry wine.
Has technical synonym name Seyve-Villard 12-375. French-american hybrid grape derived from a Seibel 6468 x Seibel 6905 cross. Vigorous, productive, fungus disease resistant. Used mostly for making a fruity, mildly intense white wine. Benefiting from oak-ageing, it has a nuanced 'smoky' flavor in the better vintage years that some find reminiscent of Chardonnay. Still widely planted in France despite E.U. rules attempting to phase-in strict variety limitations. It is also grown in the cooler regions of the Northern U.S. and Canada. Does not always fully mature its fruit in very cool regions such as the Finger Lakes region of N.Y. because of late ripening around late October-early November. Claimed by some to show limited resistance to Pierce's Disease (up to seven years) in some southern regions of the US east coast. Best grown on shallow, mild lime-content soils because it has been reported that juice from vines grown on rich soils develops a protein haze during fermentation. Currently recommended for planting in Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. Also recommended as a tablegrape when fully ripened.
Has synonym technical designation Seyve-Villard 18-315. Variety is derived from a Seibel 7053 x Seyve Villard 12-375 cross, the latter variety having the popular name Villard Blanc listed above. Still commonly grown in France for use as a winegrape where it ripens late mid-season and is a fungus disease resistant heavy producer.
Very deep red wine grape-cross released in 1967 by the Horticultural Research Institute of Canada at Vineland, Ontario. Suitable for producing full-bodied table/port style wines. Limited acreages of this cold hardy variety are grown in the Finger Lakes region of W. New York mainly for use as a 'teinturier-style' blend coloring agent. Ripens in mid-October. Has some susceptibility to Powdery Mildew fungus.
(Pronounced 'VEE-oh-nee-aye'). Semi-classic grape variety grown in the northern Rhone region of France. Has full, spicy flavors somewhat reminiscent of the Muscat grape and violets. Recent research indicates a clonal relationship to the Chasselas grape variety. New plantings in California have created much anticipation among that States wine community. Viognier wine can vary from almost Riesling-like character to almost Chardonnay character, depending on production method, but is not noted for ageing ability and is best drunk while young. Variety clones are currently undergoing trial by the Cornell Horticultural Research Unit (NY) for cool climate region suitability. Recently planted small commercial acreages in the eastern Finger Lakes region of New York state are now (1997) yielding enough grapes to allow one winery to make limited amounts of varietal wine.
Grape used to make a dry white varietal wine in the Fruili-Venezia Giulia region of Italy. Unique to the Carso DOC close to the border with Slovenia. Capable of lasting for around four years if from good vintage year.
(See Macabeo above).
Has synonym name Vineland 63331. Hybrid cross released in 1983 by Ontario Horticultural Research Institute of Canada. Is result of a Vineland 50154 x NY 25681 cross. Hardiness slightly less than Concord, but better than Seyval Blanc. Vulnerable to fungal diseases. Ripens in early October at Vineland, Ontario, Canada, giving small, yellow-tan skinned berries. Although vigorous and productive this cultivar has not excited much interest despite claims of good white wine (similar to Riesling) production.
a clear spirit that is generally made from grain, but can be distilled from other starches such as potatoes, corn and beets. Vodkas are commonly flavored with essences of citrus or other fruits, or spices such as pepper.
(No other details as yet other than it is a red-wine variety grown in Greece).
Variety indigenous to Montenegro, formerly a province of Yugoslavia. Used to create a red wine capable of deep color and extract. No other details as yet.
(Translation: 'Early (from) Loon (county)'). Red wine variety, claimed to be a Pinot Noir clone seedling selection, discovered and propagated by M. Bellefroid, Borgloon, Belgium in the late 1940's. Ripens earlier, with low acidity, than the parent variety. No other details as yet other than it is still (1999) reportedly cultivated by the aged discoverer.

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