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Red wine variety found in central Italy. Has synonym names of Aboto and Cecubo. Used to make a deeply colored, rustic, dry wine blend with moderate ageing ability of up to about 8 years or so.
a pale green, anise flavored liqueur
Minor grape now rarely found in the area south of Bergerac, SW. France. Used to make a red wine and thought to be the grape called Early Burgundy in California and Australia. In the latter country it has the occasional alias names Burgundy or Black Cluster.
an alcohol containing wormwood
an eggnog liqueur originally from Holland
V.rotundifolia (ie. Muscadine) female pollinate. Vigorous, productive variety ripening in mid-season to give large, very sweet (16% sugar) fruit with medium thick skin. No other details as yet.
a peppermint and cinnamon flavored liqueur
According to the Geilweilerhof database,, this variety originated in Lebanon. Has an extraordinary number of synonym names including Raisin d'Or and Regina (Bianca). A little known selection named Dattier de Beyrouth - not to be confused with the hybrid-cross derived Dattier St. Vallier variety - confusingly has the original Old World synonym name Waltham Cross. While overwhelmingly grown for use as a tablegrape in the Middle East, it can also produce a reasonably tempting white wine.
Pronounced 'I ee than ee'. Variety found mainly in the western islands off the Greek mainland. Also grown extensively on the island of Rhodes. Used as part of a white-wine blend that includes the Assyrtiko and Athiri grape wine.
from Scandinavia, made from rye with an infusion of caraway
Complex V.rotundifolia (i.e. Muscadine) cultivar created at Leesburg, Florida. Derived from a Fry (Early) x Southland cross by J. Mortenson and J. Harris. Is a black-skinned berry variety recommended as suitable for planting in the Gulf States of USA.
Grape resulting from a cross between Riesling and a Sylvaner clone. Limited growths in Rheinhessen region of Germany. Used to create good 'Auslese' style white wines in better years.
White-wine producing variety of ancient origin widely planted in the Emilia region of Italy. Produced as several variations of dry, semi-dry and sweet (dolce) wine of which the latter is regarded by many as the most successful.
White-wine producing variety grown on the cliff coastline of Liguria, N.W Italy. Has at least 10 synonym names including Calcatella and Temosci. Used to make a dry blend called 'Cinque Terre', (also the name of the 200 acre DOC), or a rare dried grape 'Passito' sweet dessert version named 'Cinque Terre Sciacchetra' (pronounced 'shahk eh TRA') that can include either this wine or another grape variety wine Vermentino plus 60% Bosco. Because the vineyards are on steep, narrow terraces and can only be manually worked, production has declined in recent years. These wines were notable since the 14th cent. and the DOC is on UNESCO's World Heritage List.
V.vinifera variety grown in Georgia (CIS), better known there by its synonym name Rachuli-Tetra. (No other details other than speculation that it may be related to the Albillo variety (above) since it is also used to create a semi-sweet white varietal wine).
Has synonym names Albilla, Albillo de Toro and Blanca del Pais. Small-berried tablegrape and white-wine producer variety mainly grown in the Castile region of Spain. Often used to produce mediocre, glycerin-rich, sweet wines. However, old vine grapes have been successfully used by a Ribera del Duero winery to create an appealingly complex, aromatic wine. The grape is also widely grown in several South American regions, presumably due to colonial influence.
Labruscana variety, derived from a Ontario x Gros Guillaume cross, recommended for cool climate regions. Suitable for Table or Wine use. Among the largest of the American cultivar grapes it is firm and meaty with a light Muscat flavor and is none-slipskin. Cold-hardy to -15 deg. F (-26 C) the vine is susceptible to the usual diseases. Fruit ripens early to mid-season, about two weeks before Concord.
a beer similar to lager, but with more of a bitter taste
Minor red-wine grape commonly grown in central and southern Italy. There have been controversial results in the attempt to establish pedigree with DNA testing. Some see a possible link to Muscat of Alexandria while others find Sangiovese the stronger candidate. All agree that the wine possesses a strong aroma of the Muscat grape. It is grown extensively in the Abruzzo and Apulia regions. Some plantings are also found in the warmer regions of California and Australia.
American variety notable for the historical record. According to Hedrick (Grapes of New York, 1912) the early history of this vine is that of two purported varieties, the Schuykill Muscadell and the Clifton Constantia, both reported as originating as found (before 1804) seedlings in the vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The former vine was also later given the synonym name of Taskers Grape after a well-known grower in Maryland. Similarly the latter vine was later given the synonym name Cape Grape by a local grower claiming that the variety originated in South Africa and under which name it secured wide distribution. (Reference to the Geilweilerhof database - via link above - discloses that the vine is listed as currently having over 20 synonym names). Both vines were later considered to be an identical V.labrusca x V.vinifera hybrid, (not to be confused with the Alexander Winter vine originated in 1884 by an Ohio grower), requiring a long growing season that precluded successful use in New York and New England. Early descriptions claim the vine unevenly ripened in late season (late October?) in the cooler climates of the USA, having black skinned berries considered quite sweet and musky, 'making a very fair wine' but too pulpy and coarse for tablegrape use. Later, when the Catawba variety was widely introduced the older grape was superceded and finally completely dropped from cultivation. On a modern day note it was recently announced (8/2000) that Alexander variety vines have been planted in the Thomas Jefferson Monticello Vineyard, Monticello, Virginia, as part of a long-term plan to create an authentic reproduction of the 18th century vineyard. Otherwise it is currently regarded as a minor variety of only historical interest.
Variety grown in Georgia, CIS (former Soviet Union). Reported by the Geilweilerhof database (see Foreword above) as a selected seedling of Muscat of Alexandria. Used to produce, using coarse filtering and pasteurizing, a semi-sweet, oxidized red wine known as 'Khvanchkara' (3-5% res. sugar), or as a medium bodied, semi-dry, chewy blend (with the Mudzhuretuli variety wine) having good acids and claimed to have aroma flavors reminiscent of pomegranates.
Greek name for the Muscat of Alexandria grape.
Major vitis vinifera teinturier red wine grape used as one of the original parents of several crosses bred for deeply colored blending wines. Its offspring derivative crosses are mainly found in California.
a passion fruit flavored liqueur
Moderately vigorous Elmer Swenson selection listed as winter hardy to -20 deg. F. or lower. Light red-skin berries. Used primarily to make a light neutral white wine with very low acid and sugar content. Best used as a blending wine to cut acidity in other high acidity wines. No other details as yet.
Winegrape cultivar developed by U. Minnesota. Recommended for planting in Saskatchewan, Canada. Similar heritage as Beta variety (below).
Seedless tablegrape widely grown in France, South Africa etc. Has many synonym names including Ribier (Noir). Is one of the parents of the Michele Pallieri cross variety. The La Rochelle and Leopold III (the latter having the synonym name Royal) varieties have a selected seedling relationship. South African growers have found that care needs to be taken in choice of grafted rootstock (eg. the Ramsey rootstock variety proved incompatible).
Semi-classic grape grown in the Savoie region of France. Used with another local grape, the Molette, to create a blend known as 'Seyssell' white wine made to be drunk as young as possible. Also used for the superior 'Roussette de Savoie' white wine blend created with Mondeuse grape wine. Once thought to have origins in Cyprus, the grape is now suspected of being related to, if not actually being, the Furmint grape of Hungary.
Recommended as suitable for cool climate regions. Is an early ripening American labruscana variety, derived from an Athens x Fredonia cross, having tight clusters of large berries. Notable for exceptional fungal disease resistance it often needs cluster-thinning because of tendency to overcrop. Recommended for juice, jelly or fruity wine production in New York state and other favorable cool climate regions.
an almond -flavored liqueur made from apricot pits
Has synonym name Seibel 10713. No other details as yet other than it appears to be a very sparsely grown variety recommended for white wine production.
This cultivar is reported by Hedrick (Grapes of New York, 1912) to be the result of the complex V.lincecumii derived Jaeger 43 x Unknown V.rupestris hybrid cross. Easily rooted (unlike several of the genus), vigorous and notably resistant to heat and cold, being hardy to -30 deg. F (-34 C), it was recommended as a variety suitable for red wine or port making, crossbreeding and as V.vinifera compatible rootstock that can be grown across several zones. Reported to tolerate Pierces Disease. Needing a pollinator for best set, the fruit ripens at the same time as Concord, producing purplish-black to black berries having a heavy bloom. The juice is reported to have a distinct V.rupestris flavor, highly colored and capable of staining the hands and lips.
Vigorous minor grape of ancient origin grown in the Valais district of Switzerland. Used to make an occasionally delicate, perfumed sweet white wine. The dry wine versions are considered to be somewhat ponderous by some.
Alternative name for the Mandelaria red wine grape, widely grown on the Greek mainland, when found on the island of Rhodes.
Has several synonym names including Balsamina Nero, Lancelotta and Uvino. Variety mainly grown in central Italy (Emilia). Reported to have a tendency to high sugar, a neutral aroma profile and often used for blending with Sangiovese and Lambrusco red wines to produce a sweet (amabile) version.
licorice -flavored liqueur made from anise seeds
Brandy made from Apples
an apple -flavored schnapps made by De Kuyper
a cordial made from apricot pits
Minor grape of mediocre quality (reported to merely reach 14% sugar content in a good year) widely grown in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France and mainly used to make a 'stretch' wine for blending with better varieties in order to make some of the more notorious styles of 'vin de table' wine associated with the Midi. There are two mutations also found there, Aramon Gris and Aramon Blanc, neither being significant.
Has synonym names Aramon Seibel and Seibel 2007. Reported as derived from a (V.rupestris x V.lincecumii) x Aramon cross. No other details as yet.
Has several synonym names including Arbanne. Reported to be an old variety grown in the Champagne region of France. AOC regulations do not allow new plantings of old varieties (except for existing vine by vine replacement) to be used in modern Champagne, but at least one winery creates a sparkling wine (legally called Champagne) from this variety blended with Fromenteau (Gris) and Petit Meslier. The varietal wine has been reported as 'very soft, almost ethereal, with a refreshing peppery uplift in the finish. Much softer and delicate than standard Blanc de Blancs'.
Fairly widely grown white-wine producer grapevine in the Loire region of France. Used in some blends labeled 'Touraine'. Also known as Menu Pineau or Petit Pineau.
Patented (1992) cultivar developed and released around 1988 by the ARO Horticulture Unit, Volcani Center at Bet-Dagan, Israel. Derived from a cross between Souzao and Carignan. Ripens some 1-3 weeks earlier than the latter parent (ie. about mid-August to early September). Resistance to Powdery Mildew also appears superior. Designed to be a hot-climate tolerant variety, it has minimal frost resistance. Vigorous and productive, on Richter 110 and Ruggeri 140R rootstocks, the cultivar is self-fertile, resulting in medium size, moderately compact fruit clusters. Tested as a deeply colored red-wine varietal wine, with a peppery aroma and satisfactory to average acidity and tannins, it produced adequate body and balance. Current usage has been confined to some blends with Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Petite Sirah that seem to show ageing possibilities.
Has several synonym names including Rouillot and Gros Margilier Espagnole. (No other details as yet other than it is a variety that is listed as suitable for wine or tablegrape use. Of spanish origin it is also grown in France).
Variety grown in Portugal.
Has synonym name Geilweilerhof SBL.2-19-58. Reported as green-skin grape derived from an (Oberlin 716)F1 x Riesling 91 cross released by the Geilweilerhof Research Institute, Germany. Variety is noted for high yielding, small bunched, small berry production. Usually ripens about a month before Concord. Recorded as moderately hardy, needing winter protection. Capable of high sugar content. Normally used to create white wines in the german style, using cool fermentation methods.
a brandy like cognac, but distilled only once and available in vintages
T.V. Munson hybrid derived from a Ten Dollar Prize x Black Eagle cross. Now regarded as a little-used minor grape, its main use by the originator was that of a crossing agent.
(No other details as yet other than this variety is grown in the Valle d'Aosta region of Italy and is used to create a dry red wine.)
Has local alias name of Nebbiolo Bianco, derived from its (mistaken?) planting in the midst of the Nebbiolo vineyards. Minor grape grown in Piedmont region of Italy. Used to make an aromatic dry or sweet white wine - (e.g: 'Roero Arneis', 'Langhe Arneis') lacking sufficient acidity, when fully ripened, to age well. Some regard it as reminiscent of wines made from the french Viognier grape grown in the northern Rhone region. Others find Pinot Gris of the U.S. west coast,, similarities in the fruity flavor of the wine when made in the style of 'Tokay d'Alsace'.
Variety derived from a Raffiat de Monade x Sauvignon Blanc cross, released around 1960 by the INRA, France. Currently grown by select vineyards in the Landes region of France where it is used to create a white wine described as rich and golden.
Has several synonym names including Ruffiac. A variety resurrected from obscurity for use as one of the wines (along with Courbu Blanc and the Mansengs) used to produce white-wine blends in the Madiran AOC and Cotes de Saint-Mont AOVDQS of France. These blends are reported to make excellent aperitif wines and to go well with the local Terrine of Foie Gras.
(a.k.a Petite Arvine). Minor, but of ancient origin, variety grown in the Valais district of Switzerland and Conseil district of the Valle d'Aosta region of Italy. Used to create dry white wine that is fragrant, full-bodied and faintly spicy. Thought to have been known to the Romans who occupied the region.
Has synonym name ES 2-8-1. Pink skinned grape reported as a ES 5-14 x Swenson (Red) cross seedling derived vine. Bred for harsh cold conditions to -28 deg. F. (-34 C) and claimed to produce a reasonably good white wine with slight herbaceous taste prone to oxidation. Ripens early in the season with low acidity. Also suitable as a tablegrape. No other details as yet.
White-wine producing variety found in the Campania region of Italy. Used to produce a light, crisply acidic wine for very early consumption. Has several synonym names including Asprino, Olivese and Ragusana.
Pronounced 'ah seer tee ko'. Claimed as originating on the island of Santorino where it is used to create bone dry wines of unique taste from the volcanic soil. Now widely grown in Greece this white-wine producer variety is usually found as a 3-way blend with Aidani and Athiri grape white wines in order to create a popular sweet style known as 'Vansanto'. Also used as the base wine, along with Roditis grape-wine, in the well-known 'Retsina' blends flavored with pine resin.
American labruscana variety, derived from a Hubbard and Portland labruscana cross, that is one of the parents of the recent (1996) Marquis hybrid cultivar. (No other details available as yet).
Pronounced 'I thee ree'. Claimed to be one of the most ancient varieties originating in Greece, taking its name from 'Thira', now known as the island of Santorini. Also commonly found in Macedonia, Attica, the western islands off the Greek mainland and the island of Rhodes. Usually used to make a slightly aromatic, low acid medium alcoholic wine commonly used in a white wine blend along with the Aidani and Assyrtiko grape-wines.
This cultivar is reported by Hedrick (Grapes of New York, 1912) to be the result of a complex American (Linc/Rup/Bourq/Labrusca) hybrid cross from the varieties America x Delaware dating from around 1899. Vigorous and hardy it ripens to give small to medium size berries with dark-purplish to red skins. Recommended by some as disease resistant variety suitable for planting in the State of Arkansas.
Recently DNA checks have revealed this variety to possibly be the result of a Gouais Blanc x Traminer cross. No other information on this variety other than it was grown in the Moselle river area of France).
(No other details other than it has synonym name of Blanc d'Euvizin and is one of the 16 known possible offspring directly descended from one of the ancient Pinot cepage varieties x Gouais Blanc crossings).
(No other details as yet other than it is a variety grown in the Southern Rhone region of France where it is used to make a red wine subsequently used in blends throughout the region).
(No other details other than it is a tablegrape recommended as disease resistant in the State of Arkansas. Has the synonym name of Dunstan 56 and is derived from a Villard Blanc x Chaouch Blanc cross).
Has synonym names Seibel 5279 and Aurora. Hardy, early sweet French-american hybrid variety widely grown in New York State (U.S.A), but no longer recommended. Fruit usually ripens very early in late August to early September but is highly susceptible to bunch rots. Used to produce fruity, short-lived white wines of mild intensity considered to be of mediocre quality and usually vinified for bulk production and blending. Also used for sparkling wines and as a table grape resistant to most Mildew diseases. Mainly found in the colder northern temperate regions of North America and is attractive to birds.
Reported as released by Peter Arnold around 1870 in Ontario, Canada. According to Hedrick (Grapes of New York, 1912) it was derived from a Clinton x Golden Chasselas cross. Has not retained growers favor because of its reputation for relatively poor cold-hardiness, unreliable fruit bearing and susceptibility to phylloxera plus diseases such as rot and mildew. Ripening at the same time as Delaware, it produces white to light-green fruit once hailed as 'the best white grape of America' that was once used to make a musky white wine 'of agreeable taste'. No other details as yet.
Local name for variety, used for white wine production, grown in the northeast Moselle and Alsace regions of France. Used to produce mildly acidic wines that add a honied intensity to blends with the Pinot Blanc in the better vintage years. Is one of the 16 known varieties possibly directly descended from the ancient Pinot cepage x Gouais Blanc cross.

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